Author:
Chen, Shu-Mei 陳淑美

Graduated Academic Year:
2020

Advisor:
Chiou, Chang-Tay, Liu, I-Chun  丘昌泰、劉宜君

 

Abstract:

The industrialization of small and medium-sized performing arts groups is low, and over the past 20 years, they have received subsidies from the Ministry of Culture and the National Culture and Arts Foundation as they have become increasingly reliant on these subsidies. Even though the government has achieved success in subsidizing them, the resources in reserves is on the decline and there is an increased risk of “draining the pond to fish and suffering severe consequences.” The researchers have proposed a new “Fishing Rod” Policy Tool that combines subsidies with crowdfunding.

This study is mainly based on the assessment feasibility theory on policy tools, and reviews the relevant literature of small and medium-sized performing arts groups, and presents the LARE viewpoints of Law, Administration, Responsibility, and Economics. The study uses cases of 3 financial policy tools including “Art Subsidy,” “Crowdfunding,” and the “Fishing Pole Project” to conduct in-depth interviews and analysis with 19 individuals ranging from 3 types of activists in “Pan Public Sector,” “Civil Society” and “Cultural Economy.”

The study found that art and cultural subsidy tools should clarify their positioning, protect the rights and interests of art and cultural workers, and enhance cultural participation. Second, crowdfunding tools can introduce digital technology into government administrative procedures to enhance the communication between art groups and private funding providers. Finally, the Fishing Rod Project Tool recommends that the government respects the market mechanism, use the Cultural Fundamental Act as the driving force for bottom-up development starting from the community, alleviate the financial difficulties of performance groups, and exert their social functions to achieve sustainability and common prosperity.


Graduate Speech:

After graduating from the University, I worked as an assistant to Mr. Lin Chuan. I happened to coincide with the handling of the public resistance against the National Taxation Bureau reforms, and profoundly realized on the importance of the fairness for policy formulation. Over the past 20 years, I’ve worked at the Financial Supervisory Commission and the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and I’ve grown accustomed to the “top-down” governance in finance and social welfare. However, volunteers from the third sector, those accompanying mothers suffering from dementia, and participating in long-term care activities in the community made me think about the public’s cultural participation and the possibility of a “bottom-up” approach. I started to become curious about “social responsibility” issues, and the idea of integrating art and culture into the community’s alleys and corners.

Seven years ago, my wish came true and I was honored to become the first graduate of Yuan Ze University Cultural Industries and Cultural Policy PHD program. I’d like to thank Mr. Ted Chiou and Dr. I-chun Liu for their hard work and careful guidance, and for always being knowledgeable and friendly. They patiently guided me through my dissertation and always pointed me in the right direction, and will be profound influences in my future life.

This was destined to be an important 7 years in my life as I’ve accomplished two major events in life: I finished my PHD dissertation and my children have also completed their studies. This was destined to be an unforgettable 7 years in my life as I jumped out of my comfort zone: I learned new things and made new friends. Finally, I am forever grateful for everything that has happened in the past 7 years: because of what happened, I have lived to the fullest.

　　中小演藝團體的產業化低，過去20多年來， 一直受到文化部和國藝會的補助，依賴情形日深。政府給魚，雖有成就，但水庫的水愈來愈少，提高「竭澤而漁」風險，故研究者倡議補助結合群眾集資的新種「魚竿專案」政策工具。

　　本研究主要以政策工具可行性評估理論為理論基礎，回顧中小演藝團體相關文獻，提出法律端（Law）、行政端（Administration）、責任端（Responsibility）及經濟端（Economics）的LARE觀點。經由「藝文補助」、「群眾集資」及「魚竿專案」等3項財務政策工具為案例，針對「泛公部門」、「公民社會」及「文化經濟」3類能動者，共19位政策利害關係人，進行深度訪談分析。

　　研究發現，藝文補助工具宜釐清定位，保障藝文工作者權益及強化文化參與。其次，群眾集資工具可於政府行政程序引入數位技術，強化團體與民間資金供給者的溝通。最後，魚竿專案工具則建議政府尊重市場機制，以文基法為動能，從社區開始，由下而上的發展，舒緩團體財務困境，發揮社會功能，永續共榮。

　　感言:

　　大學畢業後擔任林全老師助理，適逢證所稅改革倡議民眾陳抗事件的處理，深感公平原則對於政策制定的重要。過去20多年在金管會與衛福部服務，習慣「由上而下」金融與社福的治理思維；但第三部門志工與陪伴失智母親參與社區長照活動，讓我反思民眾文化參與「由下而上」的可能，好奇「社會責任」議題，並有藝文融入巷弄街角社區的想法。

　　7年前夙願成真，有幸成為元智文產博第1屆的畢業生。感謝丘昌泰與劉宜君博士的辛苦教誨與細心指導，學識淵博又為人親和，對我的論文指導很耐心，總能輕鬆指點幫我化解寫作中之迷惘，像燈塔指引我在論文寫作道路前行，將影響我以後的人生。

　　這註定是我人生中重要的7年，我完成了2件人生大事：寫了博論、兒女也都先後完成學業。這註定是我人生中難忘的7年，我跳出原來的舒適圈：長了新見識、交了新朋友。最後，我要永遠感謝這7年裡的一切，因為相遇，吾不負韶華。